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The responsibility to protect (R2P) is a widely endorsed and developing norm aimed at preventing humanitarian atrocities.〔Major endorsements of R2P at the international level (grouped by actor): * International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, ''The Responsibility to Protect: Report of the ICISS'' (International Development Research Centre Ottawa, 2001); * United Nations Secretaries General: Kofi Annan, ''A more secure world: our shared responsibility: Report of the High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change'' UN GOAR, 59th sess, A/59/565 (2004); Kofi Annan, ''In Larger Freedom: Towards development, security, and human rights for all: Report of the Secretary-General'', UN GOAR, 59th sess, A/59/2005 (2005); Ban Ki-Moon ''Secretary General Defends, Clarifies ‘Responsibility to Protect’ at Berlin Event on ‘Responsible Sovereignty: international Cooperation for a Changed World’'' UN Dept. of Public Information SG/SM/11701 (2008); Ban Ki-moon, ''Implementing the Responsibility to Protect: Report of the Secretary-General'' UN GOAR, 63rd sess, A/63/677 (2009); * United Nations General Assembly: 2005 World Summit Outcome GA Res 60/1, A/Res/60/1 (2005) at ()-(); * United Nations Security Council: SC Res 1674, S/Res/1674 (2006) particularly at (); SC Res 1706, S/Res/1706 (2006); SC Res 1973, S/Res/1973 (2011) in particular at () and (); * United Nations Special Advisor to the Secretary-General, Edward Luck “The United Nations and the Responsibility to Protect” (2008) The Stanley Foundation (Available Here ).〕 China has been surprisingly〔Gareth Evans details his surprise at the 2004 Secretary-General High Panel Stage, see Gareth Evans ''The Responsibility To Protect: Ending Mass Atrocity Crimes Once and For All'' (2008, Brookings Institution Press, Washington D.C.) at 45; * This was regarded as particularly surprising given China's staunch opposition during the entire ICISS process, see Alex Bellamy "Whither the Responsibility to Protect? Humanitarian Intervention and the 2005 World Summit (2006) 20 ''Ethics and International Affairs'' 143 at 151.〕 receptive towards the development of R2P since its inception in 2001,〔International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, ''The Responsibility to Protect: Report of the ICISS'' (International Development Research Centre Ottawa, 2001)〕 despite China's traditional tendency to obstruct engagement in humanitarian crises.〔Sarah Teitt ‘Assessing Polemics, Principles and Practices: China and the Responsibility to Protect’ (2009) 1 ''Global Responsibility to Protect'' 208 at 208-209〕 As veto-wielding Security Council member, important regional power,〔In both the ASEAN Regional Forum and ASEAN Plus Three processes, see Jochen Prantl and Ryoko Nakano ''Global Norm Diffusion in East Asia: How China and Japan Implement the Responsibility to Protect'' (2011, Centre for Non-Traditional Security Studies, Singapore) at 8.〕 and major economic power, with interests in states experiencing, or vulnerable to, humanitarian crisis,〔Stephanie Hanson “China, Africa and Oil” (2008) Council on Foreign Relations, (available here ).〕 including Nigeria,〔Peter Goodman “Cnooc Buys Oil Interest In Nigeria” The Washington Post (United States of America, 10 July 2006) (available here ).〕 Zimbabwe,〔BBC News “China raises stakes in Zimbabwe” (2004) BBC News, (available here ).〕 Angola and Sudan,〔Rochelle Mutton “Mugabe sells bankrupt Zimbabwe's assets to China” The Age (Australia, 30 July 2005), (available here ).〕 the support of China for R2P is vital. == Overview == China has been identified as a prima facie vulnerable country of concern, whose people are at significant risk of becoming victims of atrocity.〔Gareth Evans ''The Responsibility To Protect: Ending Mass Atrocity Crimes Once and For All'' (2008, Brookings Institution Press, Washington D.C.) at 76.〕 China remains poorly regarded for its handling of internal dissent, especially the brutal crackdowns in Tibet, Xinjiang and the Tiananmen Square massacre.〔Gareth Evans ''The Responsibility To Protect: Ending Mass Atrocity Crimes Once and For All'' (2008, Brookings Institution Press, Washington D.C.) at 63.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Responsibility to protect in China」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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